Export & Import · Export Basics
How Indian Spice Export Works
For buyers new to sourcing from India, understanding the general export process helps set realistic expectations on timelines, documentation and responsibilities.
1. Enquiry and specification
The process typically begins with a buyer enquiry specifying product, quantity, required specification and target shipment period. A clear written specification at this stage (see the Product Specification Protocol) reduces the risk of disputes later.
2. Quotation and order confirmation
The exporter issues a quotation based on the agreed specification, Incoterm and payment terms. Once terms are agreed, a Proforma Invoice or Purchase Order confirms the commercial terms before production or procurement begins.
3. Sampling and approval
For many products, a pre-production sample is sent for buyer approval before bulk processing begins, with a reference sample retained for later comparison (see the Sample Approval Protocol).
4. Production, packing and pre-shipment inspection
After sample approval, the exporter proceeds with sourcing, processing and packing. Before the shipment is sealed, a pre-shipment quality check verifies the goods match the agreed specification and approved sample (see the Pre-Shipment Quality Protocol).
5. Documentation and customs clearance
Export documentation — commercial invoice, packing list, Certificate of Origin, and product-specific certificates (such as Phytosanitary or Health Certificates) — is prepared, and a Shipping Bill is filed with Indian Customs to obtain clearance for export.
6. Shipment and delivery
The goods are shipped according to the agreed Incoterm, and documents are transmitted to the buyer (directly, or through banks in the case of a Letter of Credit) to enable customs clearance and delivery at destination.
Key Takeaways
- A written specification agreed early in the process is the foundation for a smooth export transaction.
- Sampling, pre-shipment inspection and documentation are distinct quality gates, not formalities.
- The Incoterm and payment term should both be explicitly agreed — they are separate decisions.
FAQ
How long does a typical export shipment take?
Timelines vary significantly by product, processing requirements, destination and shipping schedules. Confirm a realistic timeline directly with your supplier rather than assuming a standard duration.
Who arranges shipping — buyer or seller?
This depends on the agreed Incoterm. Under FOB, the buyer typically arranges main carriage; under CFR/CIF, the seller arranges and pays for freight to the destination port.
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